码农code之路PHP 是当下最流行的 Web 服务器端开发语言，号称 地球上最好的语言，没有之一。Docker 部署 PHP 环境有两种方式： 通过 Dockerfile 构建 和 从 Docker 仓库拉取
我们以当前最新的版本7.2.6安装为例
1. 使用docker pull php
这是最简单的方式，开箱即用
1、 使用 docker search php 命令可以列出 docker.io 上所有的 PHP 有关的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker search php NAME DESCRIPTION OFFICIAL php While designed for web... [OK] ...
有很多版本，我们选择官方的 `php`
2、 拉取最新的 PHP 标签:7.2.6-fpm-stretch
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull php:7.2.6-fpm-stretch
3、 稍等片刻，下载完成后，就可以在本地镜像列表里找到 REPOSITORY 为 php, 标签为 7.2.6-fpm-stretch 的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images php REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID ... SIZE php 7.2.6-fpm-stretch 0a757334c1f6 ... 367.7 MB
2. 通过 Dockerfile 文件构建
使用Dockerfile文件构建，我们可以实现定制，并且熟悉 PHP 的安装过程
1、 创建目录 php,用于存放后面的相关东西
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p php/logs php/conf
<table> <thead> <tr> <th align="left">文件</th> <th align="left">说明</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left">logs</td> <td align="left">该目录将映射为 phpops 容器的日志目录</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">conf</td> <td align="left">该目录里的配置文件将映射为 phpops 容器的配置文件</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
2、 进入php目录，并创建以下几个文件
\[root@localhost ~\]\# cd php 如果你嫌复制太麻烦，可以直接去 [GitHub][] 上下载 1. docker-php-entrypoint
# !/bin/sh # 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格 set -e # first arg is `-f` or `--some-option` if [ "${1#-}" != "$1" ]; then set -- php-fpm "$@" fi exec "$@"
2. docker-php-ext-configure
# !/bin/sh # 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格 set -e # prefer user supplied CFLAGS, but default to our PHP_CFLAGS : ${CFLAGS:=$PHP_CFLAGS} : ${CPPFLAGS:=$PHP_CPPFLAGS} : ${LDFLAGS:=$PHP_LDFLAGS} export CFLAGS CPPFLAGS LDFLAGS srcExists= if [ -d /usr/src/php ]; then srcExists=1 fi docker-php-source extract if [ -z "$srcExists" ]; then touch /usr/src/php/.docker-delete-me fi cd /usr/src/php/ext usage() { echo "usage: $0 ext-name [configure flags]" echo " ie: $0 gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/something" echo echo 'Possible values for ext-name:' find . \ -mindepth 2 \ -maxdepth 2 \ -type f \ -name 'config.m4' \ | xargs -n1 dirname \ | xargs -n1 basename \ | sort \ | xargs echo echo 'Some of the above modules are already compiled into PHP; please check' echo 'the output of "php -i" to see which modules are already loaded.' } ext="$1" if [ -z "$ext" ] || [ ! -d "$ext" ]; then usage >&2 exit 1 fi shift pm='unknown' if [ -e /lib/apk/db/installed ]; then pm='apk' fi if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ]; then if \ [ -n "$PHPIZE_DEPS" ] \ && ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps > /dev/null \ && ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps-configure > /dev/null \ ; then apk add --no-cache --virtual .phpize-deps-configure $PHPIZE_DEPS fi fi if command -v dpkg-architecture > /dev/null; then gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)" set -- --build="$gnuArch" "$@" fi cd "$ext" phpize ./configure "$@"
3. docker-php-ext-enable
# !/bin/sh # 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格 set -e extDir="$(php -r 'echo ini_get("extension_dir");')" cd "$extDir" usage() { echo "usage: $0 [options] module-name [module-name ...]" echo " ie: $0 gd mysqli" echo " $0 pdo pdo_mysql" echo " $0 --ini-name 0-apc.ini apcu apc" echo echo 'Possible values for module-name:' find -maxdepth 1 \ -type f \ -name '*.so' \ -exec basename '{}' ';' \ | sort \ | xargs echo echo 'Some of the above modules are already compiled into PHP; please check' echo 'the output of "php -i" to see which modules are already loaded.' } opts="$(getopt -o 'h?' --long 'help,ini-name:' -- "$@" || { usage >&2 && false; })" eval set -- "$opts" iniName= while true; do flag="$1" shift case "$flag" in --help|-h|'-?') usage && exit 0 ;; --ini-name) iniName="$1" && shift ;; --) break ;; *) { echo "error: unknown flag: $flag" usage } >&2 exit 1 ;; esac done modules= for module; do if [ -z "$module" ]; then continue fi if [ -f "$module.so" ] && ! [ -f "$module" ]; then # allow ".so" to be optional module="$module.so" fi if ! [ -f "$module" ]; then echo >&2 "error: '$module' does not exist" echo >&2 usage >&2 exit 1 fi modules="$modules $module" done if [ -z "$modules" ]; then usage >&2 exit 1 fi pm='unknown' if [ -e /lib/apk/db/installed ]; then pm='apk' fi apkDel= if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ]; then if \ [ -n "$PHPIZE_DEPS" ] \ && ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps > /dev/null \ && ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps-configure > /dev/null \ ; then apk add --no-cache --virtual '.docker-php-ext-enable-deps' binutils apkDel='.docker-php-ext-enable-deps' fi fi for module in $modules; do if readelf --wide --syms "$module" | grep -q ' zend_extension_entry$'; then # https://wiki.php.net/internals/extensions#loading_zend_extensions absModule="$(readlink -f "$module")" line="zend_extension=$absModule" else line="extension=$module" fi ext="$(basename "$module")" ext="${ext%.*}" if php -r 'exit(extension_loaded("'"$ext"'") ? 0 : 1);'; then # this isn't perfect, but it's better than nothing # (for example, 'opcache.so' presents inside PHP as 'Zend OPcache', not 'opcache') echo >&2 echo >&2 "warning: $ext ($module) is already loaded!" echo >&2 continue fi ini="/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/${iniName:-"docker-php-ext-$ext.ini"}" if ! grep -q "$line" "$ini" 2>/dev/null; then echo "$line" >> "$ini" fi done if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ] && [ -n "$apkDel" ]; then apk del $apkDel fi
4. docker-php-ext-install
# !/bin/sh # 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格 set -e # prefer user supplied CFLAGS, but default to our PHP_CFLAGS : ${CFLAGS:=$PHP_CFLAGS} : ${CPPFLAGS:=$PHP_CPPFLAGS} : ${LDFLAGS:=$PHP_LDFLAGS} export CFLAGS CPPFLAGS LDFLAGS srcExists= if [ -d /usr/src/php ]; then srcExists=1 fi docker-php-source extract if [ -z "$srcExists" ]; then touch /usr/src/php/.docker-delete-me fi cd /usr/src/php/ext usage() { echo "usage: $0 [-jN] ext-name [ext-name ...]" echo " ie: $0 gd mysqli" echo " $0 pdo pdo_mysql" echo " $0 -j5 gd mbstring mysqli pdo pdo_mysql shmop" echo echo 'if custom ./configure arguments are necessary, see docker-php-ext-configure' echo echo 'Possible values for ext-name:' find . \ -mindepth 2 \ -maxdepth 2 \ -type f \ -name 'config.m4' \ | xargs -n1 dirname \ | xargs -n1 basename \ | sort \ | xargs echo echo 'Some of the above modules are already compiled into PHP; please check' echo 'the output of "php -i" to see which modules are already loaded.' } opts="$(getopt -o 'h?j:' --long 'help,jobs:' -- "$@" || { usage >&2 && false; })" eval set -- "$opts" j=1 while true; do flag="$1" shift case "$flag" in --help|-h|'-?') usage && exit 0 ;; --jobs|-j) j="$1" && shift ;; --) break ;; *) { echo "error: unknown flag: $flag" usage } >&2 exit 1 ;; esac done exts= for ext; do if [ -z "$ext" ]; then continue fi if [ ! -d "$ext" ]; then echo >&2 "error: $PWD/$ext does not exist" echo >&2 usage >&2 exit 1 fi exts="$exts $ext" done if [ -z "$exts" ]; then usage >&2 exit 1 fi pm='unknown' if [ -e /lib/apk/db/installed ]; then pm='apk' fi apkDel= if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ]; then if [ -n "$PHPIZE_DEPS" ]; then if apk info --installed .phpize-deps-configure > /dev/null; then apkDel='.phpize-deps-configure' elif ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps > /dev/null; then apk add --no-cache --virtual .phpize-deps $PHPIZE_DEPS apkDel='.phpize-deps' fi fi fi popDir="$PWD" for ext in $exts; do cd "$ext" [ -e Makefile ] || docker-php-ext-configure "$ext" make -j"$j" make -j"$j" install find modules \ -maxdepth 1 \ -name '*.so' \ -exec basename '{}' ';' \ | xargs -r docker-php-ext-enable make -j"$j" clean cd "$popDir" done if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ] && [ -n "$apkDel" ]; then apk del $apkDel fi if [ -e /usr/src/php/.docker-delete-me ]; then docker-php-source delete fi
5. docker-php-source
# !/bin/sh # 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格 set -e dir=/usr/src/php usage() { echo "usage: $0 COMMAND" echo echo "Manage php source tarball lifecycle." echo echo "Commands:" echo " extract extract php source tarball into directory $dir if not already done." echo " delete delete extracted php source located into $dir if not already done." echo } case "$1" in extract) mkdir -p "$dir" if [ ! -f "$dir/.docker-extracted" ]; then tar -Jxf /usr/src/php.tar.xz -C "$dir" --strip-components=1 touch "$dir/.docker-extracted" fi ;; delete) rm -rf "$dir" ;; *) usage exit 1 ;; esac
3、 创建Dockerfile文件
[root@localhost php]# vi Dockerfile
然后复制以下内容
FROM debian:jessie # 编译和运行时依赖的工具 ENV PHPIZE_DEPS autoconf file g++ gcc libc-dev make pkg-config re2c # 指定 php.ini目录 ENV PHP_INI_DIR /usr/local/etc/php ## 指定 PHP 版本和编译的选项 ENV PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www-data --with-fpm-group=www-data ENV PHP_VERSION 7.2.6 ENV PHP_FILENAME php-7.2.6.tar.xz # 安装依赖的库和环境 RUN apt-get update \ && apt-get install -y $PHPIZE_DEPS ca-certificates curl libedit2 \ libsqlite3-0 libxml2 --no-install-recommends \ && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* RUN mkdir -p $PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d RUN set -xe && buildDeps=" $PHP_EXTRA_BUILD_DEPS libcurl4-openssl-dev libedit-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev xz-utils " \ && apt-get update && apt-get install -y $buildDeps --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \ && curl -fSL "http://php.net/get/$PHP_FILENAME/from/this/mirror" -o "$PHP_FILENAME" \ && mkdir -p /usr/src/php \ && tar -xf "$PHP_FILENAME" -C /usr/src/php --strip-components=1 \ && rm "$PHP_FILENAME" \ && cd /usr/src/php \ && ./configure --with-config-file-path="$PHP_INI_DIR" \ --with-config-file-scan-dir="$PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d" \ $PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS \ --disable-cgi --enable-mysqlnd --enable-mbstring \ --with-curl --with-libedit --with-openssl --with-zlib \ && make -j"$(nproc)" \ && make install \ && { find /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin -type f -executable -exec strip --strip-all '{}' + || true; } \ && make clean \ && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false -o APT::AutoRemove::SuggestsImportant=false $buildDeps COPY docker-php-ext-* /usr/local/bin/ ##<autogenerated>## WORKDIR /var/www/html RUN set -ex \ && cd /usr/local/etc \ && if [ -d php-fpm.d ]; then \ sed 's!=NONE/!=!g' php-fpm.conf.default | tee php-fpm.conf > /dev/null; \ cp php-fpm.d/www.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf; \ else \ mkdir php-fpm.d; \ cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf; \ { \ echo '[global]'; \ echo 'include=etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf'; \ } | tee php-fpm.conf; \ fi \ && { \ echo '[global]'; \ echo 'error_log = /proc/self/fd/2'; \ echo; \ echo '[www]'; \ echo '; if we send this to /proc/self/fd/1, it never appears'; \ echo 'access.log = /proc/self/fd/2'; \ echo; \ echo 'clear_env = no'; \ echo; \ echo '; Ensure worker stdout and stderr are sent to the main error log.'; \ echo 'catch_workers_output = yes'; \ } | tee php-fpm.d/docker.conf \ && { \ echo '[global]'; \ echo 'daemonize = no'; \ echo; \ echo '[www]'; \ echo 'listen = [::]:9000'; \ } | tee php-fpm.d/zz-docker.conf EXPOSE 9000 CMD ["php-fpm"]
4、 通过docker build命令创建镜像my-php:7.2.6-fpm
[root@localhost php]# docker build -t my-php:7.2.6-fpm .
5、 稍等片刻，命令执行完成后，可以使用 docker images 命令显示刚刚创建的镜像
[root@localhost php]# docker images my-php REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID ... SIZE
运行my-php容器
先在当前目录下创建目录www，然后在目录www中新建文件i.php内容如下
<?php phpinfo();
最后使用下面的命令运行容器
[root@localhost php]# docker run -it -p 9000:9000 --name php-fpm -v $pwd/www:/www -v $PWD/conf:/usr/local/etc/php -v $PWD/logs:/phplogs my-php:7.2.6-fpm bash
这会直接进入容器
参数说明
1、-p 9000:9000
将容器的 9000 端口映射到主机的 9000 端口
2、–name php-fpm
将容器命名为 php-fpm
3、-v $pwd/www:/www
将主机中项目的目录 www 挂载到容器的 /www
4、-v $PWD/conf:/usr/local/etc/php
将主机中当前目录下的 conf 目录挂载到容器的 /usr/local/etc/php
5、-v $PWD/logs:/phplogs
将主机中当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 `/phplogs`
然后使用下面的命令 CD 到/www目录，运行php -s 0.0.0.0:9000命令
root@bd90d7c7bbf9:/www# cd /www root@bd90d7c7bbf9:/www# php -S 0.0.0.0:9000
通过浏览器访问 http://localhost:9000/i.php，输出如下 
如果要作为php-fpm运行，那么直接使用下面的命令
[root@localhost php]# docker run -d -p 9000:9000 --name php-fpm -v $pwd/www:/www -v $PWD/conf:/usr/local/etc/php -v $PWD/logs:/phplogs my-php:7.2.6-fpm
查看容器启动情况
[root@localhost php]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES 00c5aa4c2f93 my-php:7.2.6-fpm "php-fpm" ... 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp myphp-fpm
查看容器的 IP
可以使用命令docker inspect查看容器的 IP
docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container_id>
例如可以使用下面的命令查看刚刚创建的容器的 IP
[root@localhost php]# docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' c929419b17cf 172、17.0.2
使用 Nginx + PHP 实现 Web 服务
我们是通过 Nginx + PHP 实现 Web 服务，Nginx 配置文件的 fastcgi_pass 应该配置为 myphp-fpm 容器的 IP
fastcgi_pass 172.17.0.2:9000;
